I'm running a Norwegian installation of Windows 7 and a few days ago I decided to install the standard edition of Visual Studio 2010. The whole installation went fine except for SQL Server Express 2008. For some reason it did not want to install. I used to have english Windows 7, so I immediately suspected that it was language related.
The log for Visual Studio installer file on: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Professional - ENU\Logs\dd_error_vs_procore_100.txt
listed the following:
[09/26/11,00:07:03] Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Express Service Pack 1 (x64): [2] Error code -2067922940 for this component is not recognized.
[09/26/11,00:07:03] Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Express Service Pack 1 (x64): [2] Component Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Express Service Pack 1 (x64) returned an unexpected value.
[09/26/11,00:07:04] VS70pgui: [2] DepCheck indicates Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Express Service Pack 1 (x64) is not installed.
Checking SQL Servers own install log on C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Setup Bootstrap\Log had a little more information - among other the following:
The performance counter registry hive is corrupted. To continue, you must repair the performance counter registry hive. For more information, see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/300956.
The KB lists a long tedious procedure involving dozens of registry deletions and copying files from the Windows installation media. I did go through it, but it did not do any good.
The next thing I did helped however. I grabbed the latest Windows 2008 R2 express x64 (wSP1) from Microsoft and installed it. Voila! Visual Studio works like a charm.